AN APPLIED RELEVANCE OF THE CROSS SYMBOL IN THE ORTHODOX CHURCH ARCHITECTURE

Abstract

The article examines the problem of analysing the symbolism in the architecture of Orthodox churches. Scientific works were analysed in the study of the cross symbol in material culture, including architectural objects located on the territory of Ukraine. It was determined the interrelation of the form and meaning of the symbol. The perception diversity of the cross symbol was described depending on its functional purpose and popular culture interpretation of Christian images. The semantic difference has been revealed between the notions "sign" and "symbol". The philosophical aspect of the symbol meaning and its influence on the temple sacred core formation has been analysed. Three main periods in the development of the auxiliary historical discipline of staurography have been determined which were characterised by the gradual increase of scientific content in the studies. The article reveals the lack of studies of the cross symbol in architectural theory, despite its wide use in the Orthodox sacred architecture. Proposed to study the applied meaning of the symbol in the architectural staurography framework, as part of architectural theory. Scientific literature was analysed in relating to the field of architecture to identify the process of formation of architectural staurography. Author's findings were implemented in the educational process of the fifth year during the design of the Orthodox Church complex. Architectural and constructive component, volumetric and spatial decision was modernised for a sacral building. The image and semantic perception of the cross symbol was analysed as a part of the architectural sacral space of the temple. The process of enhancing the visual component of the temple complex architecture was described in the ensemble and temple-dominant relationship. Examples of architectural and restoration aspects and visual harmonization of Orthodox churches were demonstrated within the Christian traditions.