Abstract
Advection-dispersion experiments (ADE) were effectively designed for inadequate transport models through a calibration/validation process. HTO, selenium (Se), and cesium (Cs) transport in crushed granite were studied using a highly reliable, dynamic column device in order to obtain the retardation factors (R) and the dispersion coefficients (D) by fitting experimental breakthrough curves (BTCs) for various path lengths. In order to conduct a safety assessment (SA) of a deep geological repository for high-level radioactive waste, radionuclide transport in rock systems is necessary to clarify and establish a suitable model. A dynamic column with a radiotracer (HTO, Se(IV), and Cs) was applied to 2, 4, and 8 cm path lengths using a STANMOD simulation. The results showed similar results between the BTCs of Se and Cs by fitting a non-equilibrium sorption model due to the retardation effect. In fact, there was a relatively obvious sorption of Se and Cs in the BTCs obtained by fitting a retardation factor (R) value higher than 1. In addition, a two-region (physical) and a two-site (chemical) non-equilibrium model with either the lowest sum of squared residuals (SSQ) or the root mean square error (RMSE) were applied to determine the Se and Cs sorption mechanisms on granite.
Highlights
In China, the field of nuclear technology, including such advances as Nuclear PowerPlants (NPPs), is advancing rapidly and will likely revolutionize human life at the global level
Studies have been conducted on the development of nuclear power in China that provide a good overview of the required uranium fuel and nuclear waste to be produced [4,5]
A mineral analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) of granite in rock was conducted in a previous study [18], where the main minerals were shown to be quartz, feldspar, biotite, and muscovite in the XRD spectra and micro-polar microscopy images [18,19,20]
Summary
In China, the field of nuclear technology, including such advances as Nuclear PowerPlants (NPPs), is advancing rapidly and will likely revolutionize human life at the global level. In China, the field of nuclear technology, including such advances as Nuclear Power. Studies have been conducted on the development of nuclear power in China that provide a good overview of the required uranium fuel and nuclear waste to be produced [4,5]. Nuclear technology has advantages including generating a large amount of electricity and providing medical diagnoses while keeping wastes in a solid form within the plant. Of these wastes, the most serious in terms of safe management is the spent nuclear fuel, which contains some 99% of the total radioactivity. A HLW repository is designed with a multi-barrier system to achieve the purpose of long-term isolation of waste [5]
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