Abstract
Painstaking adjustment of an optimum low-temperature cycle (LTC) condenser temperature allows cascade refrigeration system (CRS) to operate at maximum performance. This study exhibits an original approach because, for the first time, advanced exergy analysis is implemented under an optimum LTC condenser temperature of CRS operating with R41/R1233zd(E) as an environmentally-friendly refrigerant pair. Under the auspices of advanced exergy analysis, there is endogenous exergy destruction of 50.43% and exogenous exergy destruction of 49.57% within total exergy destruction. It is pointed out that the interactions between the CRS components (external irreversibilities) are partly less than exergy destruction that occurs within components (internal irreversibilities). The avoidable part within total exergy destruction, which is greater than the unavoidable part, indicates that components have a high improvement potential with a value of 56.31%. Furthermore, LTC compressor depends significantly on other components, as it has the largest exogenous part of exergy destruction with 75.82%. The results indicate that the CRS’s exergy efficiency, which can be determined based on conventional exergy analysis, is only 36%. However, this increases to 68% with the improvements needed for the components.
Highlights
Advanced exergy analysis is mediated by ideal, real, and unavoidable cycles, so the calculation of exergy destruction in each of these cycles is conducted for all cascade refrigeration system (CRS) components
Conventional exergy analysis can quantitatively identify inefficiencies in an energy system. It is a newer approach, advanced exergy analysis can specify the origins of irreversibilities and real improvement potential
An advanced exergy approach is applied in conjunction with a conventional exergy analysis to examine the exergy performance of the R41/R1233zd(E) CRS analysed in line with an optimum low-temperature cycle (LTC) condenser temperature
Summary
Refrigeration is a prerequisite for human comfort, peace and health, and it is vital to industrial processes, electronic devices and applications in food preservation [1]. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which are identified as second-generation refrigerants, have a wide range of uses. Still, since they contain chlorine atoms (as do the CFCs), they destroy the stratospheric ozone due to a high GWP and an ODP higher than zero [6]. Hydrofluoro-olefins (HFOs), which have emerged as the fourth- or next-generation refrigerants, have very low GWP and zero ODP values and have little or no undesirable impact on the environment [9,10]. With these considerations in mind, new studies are examining refrigerants in the HFO-class to promote environmental sustainability [11-15]
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