Abstract

Addressing the interest in missional theology and responding to the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, this research developed an apocalyptic missional theology for our time. Whilst the Second World War inspired an exploration of the eschatological dimensions of mission, it was argued that apocalyptic theology adds a much needed perspective on mission. In addition to replying to the pandemic, apocalyptic missiology proved to be well suited to speak about the challenges for the Church in South Africa, and introduces African modes of thinking to missiology. This study comprised a qualitative literature research method that traced the history of eschatology and apocalyptic in missional thinking (summarised apocalyptic theology), demonstrated that apocalyptic theology contributes to current missiology, and finally developed an apocalyptic agenda for the mission. The research found that apocalyptic offers new ways of speaking about God that challenges contemporary powers and power structures, and presents prophetic and ethical ways for the church to participate in the Missio Dei . Apocalyptic extends a more universal future that includes all peoples and creation, and it provides believers with a new identity and comfort in our time. In conclusion, apocalyptic theology was found to enrich missional thinking, contributing hope and joy to the Christian message. Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article suggested that apocalyptic theology adds new dimensions to missional theology, enriching the traditional discourse. It used the insights of biblical and religious studies, and applied it to missiology, as well as to systematic and practical theology.

Highlights

  • Apocalypse now!The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic awakened apocalyptic language and images in the public imagination

  • Botha (2005:327) deducts from the Book of Revelations that ‘a prophetic spirituality is a spirituality of hope’; I would add that an apocalyptic spirituality, apocalyptic language and theology, gives hope to a broken, disillusioned world

  • Apocalyptic may be used to develop a ‘theology of hope’ as well as a ‘missiology of hope’ – something that the church and mission are in dire need of

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Summary

Introduction

The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic awakened apocalyptic language and images in the public imagination. There is some debate amongst theologians whether Paul was universalist or rather particularist; Christopher Tuckett shows that wherever Paul seems to be most universalist, for example, Romans 5 or 1 Corinthians 15, he http://www.ve.org.za always employs apocalyptic language and images to make his case (Tuckett 2014:156–164, see Collins 2014:141) Both the eschatological end and the new creation apply to all humans, and the new apocalyptic world even transcends creation by the vision that chaos is completely overcome by God and all are made new (Chester 2014:333, 346; Wielenga 2002:112, 114). The apocalyptic hope of an immanent end may describe a present world in which God is experienced as near, and Christ’s work is accomplished This echoes the central message of the gospel as is proclaimed in mission: ‘The time has come’, he said. Botha (2005:327) deducts from the Book of Revelations that ‘a prophetic spirituality is a spirituality of hope’; I would add that an apocalyptic spirituality, apocalyptic language and theology, gives hope to a broken, disillusioned world

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