An antiparkinsonism drug entacapone removal from water onto Amberlite IRA-67: kinetic, thermodynamics, optimisation studies and determination by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Entacapone is a drug used for Parkinson’s disease treatment. The contamination of water resources by this active drug ingredient affects the human health, environment and ecosystem. In the present research, adsorption properties of entacapone were investigated by using Amberlite IRA-67 as an adsorbent. The quantity of entacapone before and after adsorption was analysed by a sensitive, simple and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Adsorption characteristics factors, including initial entacapone concentration in the solution (20–100 ppm), contact time (30–240 min), adsorbent dosage (0.01–0.03 g), pH (2–10), and temperature (25–45 °C) were examined. The adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin), and kinetic models (Lagergren pseudo-first order, Ho pseudo-second order, Elovich, and Weber-Morris intra particle model) were also investigated to characterise the adsorption mechanism. ™Furthermore, thermodynamic analysis was employed to explain the adsorption behaviour. Langmuir isotherm model showed the best compliance to the adsorption data with R2 value of 0.9801. The maximum adsorption capacity was obtained as 86.21 mg.g−1 from the Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic data for entacapone adsorption on Amberlite IRA-67 were well characterised by Weber-Morris intra-particle diffusion model with R2 value of 0.9793. Besides, an optimisation and modelling study was performed by response surface methodology (RSM).The optimum adsorption parameters were obtained as 99.57 ppm of initial entacapone concentration in the solution, a pH of 5.83, and a temperature of 34.82 °C. Under these optimum conditions, the experimental and predicted adsorption capacity values were acquired to be 89.91 mg.g−1 and 84.53 mg.g−1.This adsorption researc™h demonstrated that Amberlite IRA-67 is an influential adsorbent for the uptake of antiparkinsonism drug entacapone from the water.