AN ANTHOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON GREEN CITIES� SUSTAINABILITY AND CONSERVATION APPROACHES OF BIODIVERSITY

Abstract

Urban areas are very rich in terms of biodiversity. The study's goal in this context is to develop proposals to ensure the sustainability of biodiversity, particularly in urban areas, by emphasizing the significance of biological diversity, which is the most important component of ecological systems and biological processes. Furthermore, it is intended to be a resource to be used in future studies on biological diversity, particularly in the context of the importance and sustainability of urban biodiversity. Biodiversity is a whole of genes, species, ecosystems and ecological events in a region. Biodiversity, from large to small part, consists of three major main parts and a fourth part that connects these three parts. These are ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity and diversity of ecological processes .In parallel with the developing technology since the nineteenth century, pressures on natural resources have increased as a result of human effects such as industrialization, population growth, urbanization, different types of pollution, forest fires, field openings, overgrazing, drying of wetlands, pollution caused by pesticides used in agriculture, excessive and unconscious use of resources. In terms of protecting and improving the quality of nature and the environment, ensuring the continuity of the natural structures of biological riches and population sizes is important for the protection and development of species and their habitats. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the data related to the biological entity and analyze it correctly. Urban areas are very complex. Cities, in addition to constituting the majority of the world's population, focus disproportionately on the global economy and decision-making power. Furthermore, despite covering only about 2% of the Earth's surface, urban areas consume 75% of its resources. Cities, however, can be a powerful catalyst for greener economies as a hub for social and political movements as well as centers of technological and corporate knowledge and innovation. Cities are arguably the most important elements in the development of the green economy due to their growing size and importance around the world. Cities' management may be more sensitive to pressing issues while receiving some relief from competing national interests (e.g., regional development agendas and sector lobbies) and responsibilities (such as national defense costs). Urban transition activities are becoming increasingly important in the implementation of global environmental policies such as climate change and biodiversity loss. Depending on their level of development and spatial organization, different cities' green economies will take on different identities. The protection of urban areas is important because of the protection and sustainability of the species' habitats. From this point of view, ecosystem, species and genetic diversity should be considered and evaluated together in the conservation of biodiversity in urban areas. To ensure the sustainability of biodiversity, in-situ and exsitu conservation approaches need to be applied together.