Abstract
The present study evaluates the value of mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) expression as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ovarian cancer (OC) and analyses the underlying biological mechanism in this pathology. First, the association between MAVS expression determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) and clinical characteristics was systematically investigated. Overexpression of MAVS was associated with advanced clinical factors and poor survival of OC patients. Second, bioinformatics analyses, namely, gene expression, mutation analysis, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), were performed to evaluate the potential biological functions of MAVS in OC. The results showed that MAVS may play a critical role in immune cell infiltration. CIBERSORT was applied to assess the infiltration of immune cells in OC. CD8+ T cells, γδT cells, and eosinophils had significantly negative correlations with MAVS expression. Finally, sensitivity analysis found that patients with high MAVS expression were predicted to be significantly less responsive to cisplatin and paclitaxel. In conclusion, these findings suggested that MAVS influences biological behavior by regulating the immune response and that it can be used as a predictive marker for poor prognosis in OC.
Highlights
Ovarian cancer (OC) represents the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies
The expression of mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) in 128 ovarian cancer tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC)
The results demonstrated that decreased CD8+ T cells, gamma delta T cells, and eosinophils may be related to MAVS expression in ovarian cancer (OC)
Summary
Ovarian cancer (OC) represents the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies. Recent progress in understanding the role of the immune system in cancers has simultaneously promoted the development of immunotherapies for specific cancer types. Limited analysis of immunotherapy for ovarian cancer has been reported in recent years. Identification of a novel immune indicator to predict prognosis or development of targeted therapy for OC patients will contribute to the application of immunotherapy for OC. Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) protein, known as virus-induced-signaling adapter (VISA) or IFN-β promoter stimulator protein 1 (IPS-1), is located on the mitochondrial membrane and is critical to innate immune defense against viral infection
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