An Analysis on the Architectural Elements of the Imam Mosque of Isfahan based on the Semiotic Theory of Umberto Eco

Abstract

Architecture, like other cultural phenomena, as a system of signs is a source for the study of semiotics. Since architecture is primarily created not to communicate but to perform a function, it is a distinct and challenging case for many semiotics; bearing this in mind, Umberto Eco has developed his theory of architectural semiotics. The data of this research have been collected by documentary method and examined by qualitative method and content analysis. Findings indicate that the relationship between form and function and the achievement of multiple layers of meaning in the structure under study (Imam Mosque of Isfahan) can be clarified based on the theory of echo architecture in which implicit meanings are placed in parallel with secondary functions. Thus, in order to corroborate its hypothesis that symbolic meanings belong to secondary functions, the present researcher attempts to apply the capacity of echo theory in response to the challenge between external and internal elements in Islamic architecture and to provide an analytical framework beyond one-sided perspectives. Research aims: 1. Explaining the symbolic and esoteric meanings of the Imam Mosque of Isfahan. 2. Presenting a semiotic reading of the symbolic and esoteric meanings of the Imam Mosque of Isfahan in the light of the thoughts of Umberto Eco. Research questions: 1. What is the role of symbolic and esoteric meanings in the architecture of the Imam Mosque in Isfahan? 2. How can a semiotic reading of the Imam Mosque of Isfahan be presented?