Abstract
An engine must operate at an appropriate working temperature, the wear resistance of the engine parts must be increased, and frictional loss of energy must be reduced to increase performance and reduce exhaust pollution. This study determines the effect of cylinder temperature and different coatings for piston rings on engine characteristics. Ni-W alloy and Ni-W-BN(h) composite coatings are applied to the compression ring, and the dynamometer test is performed over 50 h using different operating parameters. The experimental data are analyzed by curve fitting for engine performance with cylinder temperature (Tsc) and the concentration of exhaust pollution particles. The experimental results show that a Ni-W alloy plating increases the wear resistance of piston rings. A Ni-W-BN(h) composite coating contains self-lubricating particles, which increases the wear resistance and lubricating properties. In terms of engine performance, Ni-W-BN(h) coated piston rings give the best brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) and fuel conversion efficiency (ηf), and low fuel consumption reduces HC and CO emissions. Therefore, Ni-W-BN(h) is the best coating material for a piston ring.
Highlights
If the engine cylinder operates at a proper working temperature, the fuel is completely burnt in a proper air–fuel ratio, maximum power is generated, and exhaust gases are reduced
To determine the effect of the Ni-W alloy and Ni-W-BN(h) composite coatings plated onto the piston ring on the engine performance, the coatings were first plated on iron sheets, and the mechanical characteristics of the coating were determined
The results show that a piston ring plated with Ni-WBN(h) is subject to the smallest decrease in radial thickness, width and weight and shows the best wear resistance
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Engine piston rings often use a surface coating to improve the mechanical properties and allow better lubrication with oil. This reduces friction, increases wear resistance, produces a good seal, and prevents air leakage [8]. To reduce environmental pollution that is caused by the commercial chromium-plating manufacturing process and to increase the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of high-temperature engine parts that incur friction, some studies use a Nibased alloy or a composite coating for piston rings as a substitute for hexavalent chromium [10,11]. This study determines the cylinder temperature that gives the best performance for an air-cooled engine that uses nickel-based coatings piston rings.
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