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Abstract
The impact of the scoring systems on home field advantage in the highest-level Turkish soccer division, Turkish Super League, between the 1959-1960 and 2016-2017 seasons, was aimed to be examined in this study. 2-point system was used in Turkish Soccer Leagues between 1959 and 1987. Since 1987-1988 season, the 3-point system has been started to be used in Turkey. A total of 33,244 games were analyzed and it was revealed that there was a remarkable decline in home field advantage rates after the change in scoring system in 1987-1988 season. In the Turkish Soccer League, the average home field advantage rate was 66,39% before the change in the scoring system, while this rate was found to be 61,40% after the change in scoring system (t=5,041, p=0,000). The results indicate that there is significant difference between 2-point and 3-point systems in terms of total points of home team at home (t=-11,83, p=0,000). The results of this study were also compared with a relevant study of the highest-level soccer league in Spain.
Highlights
In team sports competitions and leagues, it is a known fact that home teams earn most matches regardless of the qualification of the opponent
The results of the statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference in home field advantage rates after and before the change in scoring system (t=5,041, p=0,000)
The analysis results in table 3 reveal the significant differences between 2-point and 3-point systems in terms of total points of home team at home (t=-11,83, p=0,000)
Summary
In team sports competitions and leagues, it is a known fact that home teams earn most matches regardless of the qualification of the opponent. The existence of a home field advantage is frequently investigated in contemporary sports research. The concept of home field advantage is not a new concept. When we look at the literature regarding the subject, some researches put forth that the home field advantage is found in individual sports competitions, while it is seen that team sports have more intensive research regarding home field advantage in branches such as football, handball, baseball and basketball. Especially team sports, the advantage of the home team is a known reality. Home field advantage in team sports has a significant role in determining the result of the game. Schwartz and Barsky (1977) first discovered that the home team was more successful in American football, baseball, basketball, and ice hockey [3]
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