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Abstract
In this study, a detailed analysis was conducted to evaluate the impacts of the deviatoric stress component and spherical stress component on the stability of surrounding rocks in the roadway via the theoretical analysis and calculation and numerical simulation. Based on the analysis, the distribution laws guiding the main stress differences, plastic zone, convergence of surrounding rocks, and third invariant of stress under various conditions (such as equal spherical stress and unequal deviatoric stress and equal deviatoric stress and unequal spherical stress) were developed, providing an optimization scheme for roadway support misunderstanding under the conditions of high spherical stress field and high deviator stress field. The study further reveals that under the circumstance of the constant spherical stress, the greater the deviatoric stress, the plastic zone range of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the range of tensile deformation of the surrounding rock, the amount of convergence of the surrounding rock, the probability of separation of the roof and floor of the roadway, and the principal stress difference and the main stress, the greater the concentration range of the maximum stress difference is, and the maximum principal stress difference is mainly concentrated in the roof and floor rocks of the roadway, and the greater the deviatoric stress, the greater the probability that the roof and floor rocks of the roadway will be separated, and the maximum principal stress difference is mainly concentrated in the roof and floor rocks of the roadway, the greater the deviator stress, the greater the concentration range of the maximum value of the principal stress difference and the principal stress difference; when the deviator stress is constant, the range of the plastic zone and the maximum principal stress difference concentration range of the surrounding rock of the roadway decrease with the increase of the ball stress, and the principal stress difference, the amount of convergence of the surrounding rock, and the range of tensile deformation increase with the increase of the ball stress. The maximum principal stress difference is mainly concentrated in the roof and floor rocks of the roadway. The principal stress difference increases with the increase of the spherical stress, and the maximum concentration range of the principal stress difference decreases with the increase of the spherical stress. After the method proposed in this paper optimizes the actual roadway support on site, the surrounding rock deformation of the roadway is small and the control is relatively ideal, which basically meets the engineering needs.
Highlights
Ground stress has been considered as the fundamental force causing deformations and damages in various underground excavation projects [1, 2] and one of the important bases for designing the support and protection system of the underground projects
With FLAC3D, a cloud diagram shown in Figure 3 was drafted to demonstrate the principal stress difference of the roadway surrounding rocks under constant spherical stress and various deviatoric stresses
As the deviatoric stress increased, the maximum principal stress difference continued to increase, which is consistent with the trend demonstrated in Figure 2(a), suggesting a higher shear resistance needed in the anchor bolt installed in the roadway roof in a high deviatoric stress field
Summary
Ground stress has been considered as the fundamental force causing deformations and damages in various underground excavation projects [1, 2] and one of the important bases for designing the support and protection system of the underground projects. Xie et al studied the variance law of deviatoric stress of deep roadway surrounding rocks and proposed asymmetric control technology of surrounding rocks based on various sections [14]. He et al focused their studies on the structural stress of deep roadway surrounding rocks at high elevation including the damage and the distribution of deviatoric stress, along with corresponding controlling measures [15]. In control roadway deformation and plastic zone expansion [17], Zhang et al used the D-P yield criterion to calculate the analytical solutions for the elastoplasticity, plastic zone radius, and displacement of the surrounding rock under bidirectional isobaric conditions and discovered the importance of the intermediate principal stress to the stress distribution of the surrounding rock [18]. In this study, a detailed analysis was conducted to evaluate the impacts of deviatoric stress component and spherical stress component on the stability of surrounding rocks in roadway via the theoretical analysis and calculation, numerical simulation, and two sets of loading tests
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