Abstract
Based on the theory of social justice in New Ethics and Rawls’s theory of justice, this paper discussed the connotation of equal opportunity for postgraduate entrance in china. Taking China’s 42 first-class universities as an example, the practice level of equal opportunity was evaluated in postgraduate entrance, from two dimensions, including academic degree postgraduate and professional degree postgraduate, through constructed the opportunity inequality index. Based on the two kinds of causes and three concrete manifestations of unequal opportunities, the quantitative analysis is carried out through the introduction of the unequal contribution degree. In the end, some suggestions are put forward to promote the equal opportunity of postgraduate entrance, such as “reducing discriminatory conditions of applicants, opening enrollment requirements”, “increasing the number of univesities that have the candidates who exempted from unified-examination, and setting up reasonable enrollment plan of this type candidates”. Keywords: postgraduate enrollment policy, equal opportunity, first-class university DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/9-3-04 Publication date :March 31 st 2019
Highlights
According to the source, opportunities can be divided into opportunities provided by society and non-social opportunities, social opportunities consist of basic rights opportunities and non-basic rights opportunities, nonsocial opportunities include opportunities provided by nature and unnatural opportunities (Wang Haiming, 2001)
The principle of equality, (ν) natural equality does not belong to the category of rights, and it follows the principle of complete equality, and (ξ) man-made equality includes the principle of complete equality of basic rights, the principle of equal proportion of non-basic rights and the principle of compensation (Wang Haiming, 2001)
Equal opportunity is essentially equality of rights, its principle is a system of principle, which is composed of the principle of opportunity holding and the principle of equality, including the principle of two levels, (ν) basic principle, such as the principle of opportunity holding and the principle of equality, (ξ) the principle of implementation of the basic principles, the basic principles have different priorities, the “lexical sequence” is the principle of complete equality, the principle of equal liberty, the principle of proportionality and the principle of compensation, the latter principle can be satisfied only if the former principle is satisfied (Wang Haiming, 2001; Rawls, 2001)
Summary
Opportunities can be divided into opportunities provided by society and non-social opportunities, social opportunities consist of basic rights opportunities and non-basic rights opportunities, nonsocial opportunities include opportunities provided by nature and unnatural opportunities (Wang Haiming, 2001). Postgraduate education opportunities fall into the category of basic rights, and its holding is based on the principle of complete equality.
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