Abstract
The expansion of Brazilian higher education institutions (HEIs) organized in multicampi structures brought a significant complexity to the academic and administrative management. In this context, environmental management strategies become quite relevant, especially when considering the low effectiveness of the Brazilian Labeling Program (BLP) for the classification of buildings in practice. The main objective of the present paper is to evaluate the BLP efficacy as applied to HEI buildings, aiming to develop a new environmental labeling model for multicampi HEIs. For this purpose, the BLP was applied to the labeling of Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí (IFPI), employing data obtained from electricity bills between 2016 and 2018. The energy diagnosis was performed considering distinct indicators,performance indexes, levels and rankings of relative energy efficiency, from which energy efficiency labels could be developed. The results allow the verification of the low efficiency of the BLP, especially in the environmental labeling of HEIs. From the detailed analysis of bills, it is possible to develop environmental labels inspired by the BLP, resulting in a different approach. A novel type-II environmental labeling methodology is then introduced based on the breakdown of electricity bills and statistical methods.
Highlights
In the 2030 Agenda published by the United Nations (UN) in September 2015, member countries were committed to 17 main sustainable development goals (SDGs) and 169 other goals to be pursued in the subsequent 15 years (UN, 2015b)
The present study aims to provide answers to the following question: How is it possible to develop an energy efficiency label for compliance with environmental management in multicampi higher education institutions (HEIs) in a reliable and effective manner? The main hypothesis is that energy diagnosis may rely on the detailed analysis of electricity bills, as well as productivity indicators for the conception of energy efficiency indices and levels that can be summarized in environmental labels inspired by the Brazilian Labeling Program (BLP), which is a different methodology than that of standardized by Inmetro (2010)
From data provided by Inmetro (2015), it was possible to identify only 96 non-commercial buildings with the energy efficiency labeling in the scope of the BLP until June 10th, 2019, corresponding to 18 additional units when compared to the amount reported by Wong and Krüger (2017)
Summary
In the 2030 Agenda published by the United Nations (UN) in September 2015, member countries were committed to 17 main sustainable development goals (SDGs) and 169 other goals to be pursued in the subsequent 15 years (UN, 2015b). The Brazilian higher education scenario has faced a significant geographical expansion since the 1960s, requiring improved academic and administrative management policies to ensure good performance in terms of a multicampi structures (NEZ, 2016) This expansion has become more expressive in federal HEIs since 2007 with the introduction of the Support Program for Restructuring and Expansion Plans of Brazilian Federal Universities (Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais — REUNI). Since the use of energy is the input with the highest environmental risk index (ERI) in HEIs (SENNA et al, 2014), it is important to consolidate the environmental management taking into account energy efficiency policies (SILVA et al, 2016) This aspect is expected to allow HEIs to promote significant changes in social reality, with its core activity, and with the proper application of management strategies to the buildings in order to consolidate them as sustainable educational spaces
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