An analysis of clinical characteristics and factors in Parkinson's disease patients with excessive daytime sleepiness

Abstract

To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and to identify whether EDS could influence the sleep architecture and sleep apnea-related parameters. A total of 130 PD patients were eligible and enrolled in the study.By the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), patients were divided into the EDS group (ESS≥10) with 61 patients and the non-EDS group (ESS<10) with 69 patients.All underwent a video-polysomnography (PSG). Clinical characteristics were mainly evaluated by the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) and the Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y)stage.while other related scales were applied for evaluating depression, cognitive function, quality of sleep and quality of life. A total of 61 patients (46.92%) were diagnosed as EDS (ESS≥10). Compared to the non-EDS group, the EDS group had significantly higher score of HAMD, UPDRSⅠand UPDRSⅡ, and significantly lower score of MoCA and PDQ (all P<0.05). Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the scores of HAMD and UPDRSⅠ were the main prognostic factors for EDS.Significantly decreased sleep latency (SL) was found in the EDS group by PSG (P=0.008). The score of ESS was showed to be correlated with the scores of HAMD, MoCA, UPDRSⅠ, UPDRSⅡ, PDQ and SL. PD patients with EDS have more severe depression and cognitive dysfunction and worse quality of life.Sleep structure is altered in those patients with decreased sleep latency.Mental status is closely associated with EDS, but not sleep apnea.