An amperometric electrochemical sensor based on hierarchical dual- microporous structure polypyrrole nanoparticles for determination of pyrogallol in the aquatic environmental samples

Abstract

Pyrogallol (PY) is commonly found as inherent toxicity of industrial effluents which easily enter to the aquatic environment; owing to its oxygen free radicals which causes several health issues. We report a highly sensitive and selective pyrogallol (PY) sensor using hierarchical dual-microporous polypyrrole nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (MPNPs/SPCE). The proposed electrode material for the cost-effective and rapid estimation of PY in the environmental water samples. Hierarchical dual-microporous polypyrrole nanoparticles were prepared through the simple chemical polymerization of pyrrole using Pluronic F-127 as the surfactant. The MPNPs possess well-defined dual micropore (∼0.52 and ∼ 0.67 nm) and a large BET surface area (183 m2/g). The electro-oxidation behavior of PY was examined by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric technique. Hierarchical structure with dual-microporous networks, and large specific surface area of MPNPs were assumed to be greatly enhanced the adsorption rate and a fast facilitate ion transfer for PY sensor. Owing to the effective coupling of hydrogen bonding (interaction between –OH group of PY and –NH group of polymer chain) and π -π interactions (between PPy rings and the PY aromatic rings) can offer more accessible electrochemical active sites and electrolyte/electrode contact interfaces for rapid electro-oxidation response. As a result, wide linear range (0.05–130 μM), good detection limit (0.03 μM), and high sensitivity (1.213 μA μM−1 cm−2) toward PY surpass those of other modified electrodes. Furthermore, MPNPs/SPCE system exhibited desirable selectivities, good steady stabilities, and reproducibilities as PY sensors. Real domestic, industrial, and sewage environmental water samples were analyzed, with quantification data compared with those obtained by HPLC.