Abstract
Sensor–artery alignment has always been a significant problem in arterial tonometry devices and prevents their application to wearable continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Traditional solutions are to use a complex servo system to search for the best measurement position or to use an inefficient pressure sensor array. In this study, a novel solid–liquid mixture pressure sensing module is proposed. A flexible film with unique liquid-filled structures greatly reduces the pulse measurement error caused by sensor misplacement. The ideal measuring location was defined as −2.5 to 2.5 mm from the center of the module and the pressure variation was within 5.4%, which is available in the real application. Even at a distance of ±4 mm from the module center, the pressure decays by 23.7%, and its dynamic waveform is maintained. In addition, the sensing module is also endowed with the capability of measuring the pulse wave transmit time as a complementary method for BP measuring. The capability of the developed alignment-free sensing module in BP measurement was been validated. Twenty subjects were selected for the BP measurement experiment, which followed IEEE standards. The experimental results showed that the mean error of SBP is −4.26 mmHg with a standard deviation of 7.0 mmHg, and the mean error of DBP is 2.98 mmHg with a standard deviation of 5.07 mmHg. The device is expected to provide a new solution for wearable continuous BP monitoring.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world [1]
Compared to intermittent blood pressure (BP) measurement, continuous BP monitoring is of great significance by providing more comprehensive information for the clinical diagnosis and control of hypertension [5]
As a result of the expansion of health care, commercial wearable BP monitoring devices are already available on the market
Summary
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world [1]. It is estimated that about 270 million people suffer from hypertension in China and nearly 1.13 billion people worldwide [2,3]. Hypertension at any age is associated with a cognitive decline in different abilities [4]. Compared to intermittent BP measurement, continuous BP monitoring is of great significance by providing more comprehensive information for the clinical diagnosis and control of hypertension [5]. As a result of the expansion of health care, commercial wearable BP monitoring devices are already available on the market. Bpump Inc. launched a BP measurement watch (WF1610B) in 2017, and Omron Inc. launched ‘HeartGuide’ in 2019
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