Abstract
Sensors in a wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are having tendency to fail, due to the energy depletion, hardware failures, environmental conditions etc. Fault tolerance is one of the critical issues in WSNs. The existing fault tolerance mechanisms either consume significant extra energy to detect and recover from the failures or need to use additional hardware and software resources. The proposed algorithm enhances the lifetime of a sensor nodes shut down and it depends on ladder diffusion algorithm combined with the genetic algorithm. It can result in fewer replacements of sensor nodes with more reused routing paths and also increases the number of active nodes, reduce the rate of data loss with reduced energy consumption.
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