An advanced wide-area fault detection and location technique for transmission lines considering optimal phasor measurement units allocation

Abstract

The transmission system plays a vital role in the electric power system as it links load centers with power generation and, so, it is mandatory to protect this system from any abnormal conditions. This paper proposes a novel reliable fault detection and location technique based on optimally allocated phasor measurement units. The optimal phasor measurement units allocation guarantees the full observability of the system including all transmission lines, which are impeded in the protection zones. The proposed fault detection and location technique depends on the measured positive sequence components. The proposed technique has essential advantage due to its generalization to be valid for different areas’ sizes and configurations. The detection technique relies on calculated admittance, while the fault location is independent on fault resistance. For validation of the proposed technique, it is applied on the IEEE 14-bus system simulated using Matlab/Simulink® software package. Various faults are simulated considering fault resistance. From the simulated fault cases, the proposed technique proves its security against external faults and the dependability with internal faults.