Abstract
IntroductionMalignant fibrous histiocytoma is a very common subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma in middle and late adulthood. However, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the testis is very rare in adolescents.Case presentationWe report here the case of a 14-year-old Han Chinese boy, who presented with left scrotal mass lasting for 20 days along with distending pain for 5 days. A physical examination revealed a chicken egg-sized, firm, well-defined mass and unclear epididymis. A B-scan ultrasonography of the left scrotum displayed a 9.0×5.2×4.5cm medium- or low-echoic lobulated mass, which suggested a left testicular neoplasm. A fine needle aspiration cytology examination revealed that the cells obtained from the patient’s testicular neoplasm were composed of myxoid spindle, and ovoid cells with nuclear atypia and mitotic activity, and arranged in a whirlpool or storiform pattern. Under histological examination, the tumor cells were arranged in a storiform pattern, which displayed mucoid matrix degeneration, and grew invasively. Consequently, a histopathological diagnosis suggested myxofibrosarcoma (or myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma).ConclusionsAn ultrasonic examination combined with fine needle aspiration cytology should be helpful for the initial differential diagnosis of testicular malignant fibrous histiocytoma. However, the final confirmation relies on histopathological examination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the testis in an adolescent.
Highlights
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a very common subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma in middle and late adulthood
An ultrasonic examination combined with fine needle aspiration cytology should be helpful for the initial differential diagnosis of testicular malignant fibrous histiocytoma
The final confirmation relies on histopathological examination
Summary
Our case demonstrates that testicular MFH may occur in an adolescent, and it seems to be more malignant because our patient survived only 6 months. Ultrasonic examination combined with FNA cytology should be helpful for the initial differential diagnosis of testicular MFH. The final confirmation relies on histopathological examination. The molecular methodology (for example protein expression and/or microribonucleic acid (microRNA) and/or epigenetic modification) might provide new insight into MFH
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