Abstract
This study addressed the insufficient verification of reliability and validity of the Differentiation of Self Scale in Two Domains (DSS-2D). Although the DSS-2D is the first measure in Japan that satisfies the three requirements (corresponding to two domains, applicable to a wide range of adolescents, and a moderate number of items), verification of reliability and validity of the DSS-2D has remained insufficient. Two questionnaire surveys were conducted with university students (n = 70 at T1, n = 68 at T2). The interval of the surveys was one month. The results indicate that the DSS-2D had sufficient test-retest reliability and concurrent validity in each domain of differentiation of self. These results provide support for the DSS-2D as a valid and adequate measure for use in Japan.
Highlights
This study addressed the insufficient verification of reliability and validity of the Differentiation of Self Scale in Two Domains (DSS-2D)
Calculation of sample size based on these criteria revealed that 67 participants were required for the validity examination and 23 participants were required for the test-retest reliability evaluation
This research addressed the verification of the test-retest reliability and the domain-specific validity of DSS-2D
Summary
Differentiation of self, which is one of the main concepts of Bowen’s theory, is composed of two domains, differentiation in the interpersonal domain and differentiation in the intrapsychic domain. Interpersonal differentiation is the balance between the desire for individuality and togetherness in interpersonal relationships. Intrapsychic differentiation is the balance between an individual’s thoughts and emotions. Those who are less differentiated in the interpersonal domain are likely to have a strong desire for togetherness. According to Bowen, those with low differentiation of self are more vulnerable to stress (Bowen, 1978; Kerr & Bowen, 1988)
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