An adaptive wavelet two-dimension watermarking algorithm for remote sensing image

Abstract

In this article, we proposed an effective adaptive 2-dimension blind watermarking algorithm based on feature of a remote sensing image. This algorithm exploited a gray image as the watermark, pretreated the watermark image by Arnold confusion and wavelet compression, and embedded it into the selected subband of wavelet transformation domain of the remote sensing image according to neighboring symbol's mean value and odd-even adjugement rule, moreover, detected watermarks without the original remote sensing image. The attack analysis and experimental results show that the watermarking algorithm is transparent and robust, with accurate watermark detecting results and low complexity, and it also has strong robustness against various image attacks such as JPEG lossy compression, median filtering, additive noise, scaling, cropping, rotation, random geometrical attack and Stirmark attack. Furthermore, after embedding watermarks, there is almost no influence on such applications of the remote sensing image as edge detection and image classification.