An adaptive dynamic power management approach for enhancing operation of microgrid with grid ancillary services

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of photovoltaic (PV)-wind-battery-based microgrids and their integration into distribution networks have brought new challenges in grid ancillary services, such as poor power quality (PQ), grid instability, voltage and current fluctuations, and low efficiency of microgrids. These adverse effects are due to the intermittent nature of PV and wind power generation. The present work proposes an adaptive dynamic power management (ADPM) approach and enhanced instantaneous symmetrical component theory (EISCT) to improve the microgrid operation and grid ancillary services. The proposed ADPM-based EISCT not only utilizes a single grid side converter (GSC) but also reduces the sensor requirement and control structure complexity and thereby eliminates communication mismatch. The control structure, proposed in this research, has two major segments. The first segment focuses on active power management control through ADPM to facilitate efficient power flow between the utility grid and microgrid sources which helps in ensuring efficient power sharing. The second component is dedicated to synchronizing the renewable energy sources of the microgrid with the utility grid and simultaneously maintaining PQ compliance as per IEEE 519–2022 standards. The efficacy and adaptability of the proposed structure are validated through MATLAB®/Simulink® environment and the practical superiority of the system has been tested by using MicroLabBox® DS1202-based real-time hardware set-up. The experimental result shows improved performance of the developed structure under various microgrid operating conditions including dynamic loading situations, and battery system state-of-charge (SOC). The simulation and experimental results suggested that the DC-link ripples have been reduced to 2%, peak overshoot to 1.8%, settling time during the transition to 1.2s, battery response time to 0.3s, and the total harmonic distortion (THD) to less than 5%. These results demonstrated the superiority of the ADPM-based EISCT over conventional strategies.