Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been extensively applied in many domains such as smart homes and Internet of Things (IoT). As part of WSNs’ communication protocols, back-off mechanisms play an essential role in the deployment of wireless channels for network nodes and have been at the core of ensuring effective communication. The performance of many back-off algorithms is excellent in light or middle load networks. However, it degrades dramatically in heavy load networks. In this paper, we propose an adaptive contention window medium access control (MAC) protocol to improve the throughput performance under heavy load. By using the number of historical collisions as the parameter in the back-off mechanism to reflect the channel status, the size of the contention window is adjusted automatically, and the throughput of network is then improved. Simulation results show that our optimized MAC protocol has higher throughput and energy efficiency.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely applied in many domains ranging from military applications to civilian applications and gradually play more important roles in disaster relief, urgent search, health care, environmental monitoring, and so on
WSNs consist of large numbers of low-cost, densely deployed sensor nodes that organize themselves into a multi-hop wireless network
The back-off mechanism of S-medium access control (MAC) adopts a fixed contention window size to calculate the back-off time in order to avoid the data collision
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely applied in many domains ranging from military applications to civilian applications and gradually play more important roles in disaster relief, urgent search, health care, environmental monitoring, and so on. In order to reduce energy consumption, S-MAC protocol adopts a periodic listening/sleep working mechanism. This working mode has a low duty cycle. The core of the S-MAC protocol is to shorten the idle listening time and further reduce power consumption by controlling non-working nodes to go into a sleep state [5]. After finishing the data transmission, a node goes to sleep immediately and wakes up when the hop neighbor finishes its data transmission This method will slightly reduce energy consumption and solve the hidden terminal problem. When neighbor nodes overhear these packets and obtain the NAV value, they will immediately turn to sleep state until the transmission is complete In this way, the hidden terminal problem and data collision is avoided to some extent
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