An Adapted Technology Acceptance Model (TAM 5) Framework to Enhance User Acceptance and Experience

Abstract

In the rapidly evolving technological landscape, many companies invest in developing solutions that often fail to gain user acceptance. Understanding the reasons behind these failures is crucial, thus various iterations of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) have been introduced namely: TAM, TAM 2, TAM 3, and TAM 4 IE. Applying these models has shed light on a significant portion of the factors influencing technology acceptance. Nevertheless, it suggests that numerous other factors remain unexplored and need further consideration. This research proposes the Technology Acceptance Model 5 (TAM 5) as an advanced version with additional dimensions and factors to further investigate, aiming to enhance technology acceptance. TAM 5 includes three primary dimensions: First, applying Hybrid Agile-Waterfall software development approach, merging the strengths of both methodologies, to enhance the development process and user satisfaction; Second, applying Hybrid Work Settings of Working from Home (WFH) and Working from Office (WFO), enhancing team collaboration and problem-solving, thereby facilitating technology acceptance; and finally, consideration of Cultural factors, Social customs and traditions, and Time zone differences (CST), all of which may influence technology acceptance. To assess the effectiveness of TAM 5, a questionnaire designed and validated by experts was administered to respondents in the software industry, including professionals from various roles and experience levels. The results were analyzed using multiple regression, and the weights indicate that applying the Hybrid Agile-Waterfall development approach and the Hybrid Work Settings had a significant positive impact on technology acceptance with β values of 0.333 and 0.344 respectively. Cultural factors and traditions had a significant negative influence on technology acceptance with β value of -0.848, while the impact of time zone differences was found to be insignificant with a negligible β value. In conclusion, TAM 5 reveals key dimensions that impact technology acceptance rates, providing valuable insights for businesses and researchers to better understand and address the challenges related to user acceptance of technology in contemporary society.