Abstract
Public speaking is an important skill, the acquisition of which requires dedicated and time consuming training. In recent years, researchers have started to investigate automatic methods to support public speaking skills training. These methods include assessment of the trainee's oral presentation delivery skills which may be accomplished through automatic understanding and processing of social and behavioural cues displayed by the presenter. In this study, we propose an automatic scoring system for presentation delivery skills using a novel active data representation method to automatically rate segments of a full video presentation. While most approaches have employed a two step strategy consisting of detecting multiple events followed by classification, which involve the annotation of data for building the different event detectors and generating a data representation based on their output for classification, our method does not require event detectors. The proposed data representation is generated unsupervised using low-level audiovisual descriptors and self-organizing mapping, and used for video classification. This representation is also used to analyse video segments within a full video presentation in terms of several characteristics of the presenter's performance. The audio representation provides the best prediction results for self-confidence and enthusiasm, posture and body language, structure and connection of ideas, and overall presentation delivery. The video data representation provides the best results for presentation of relevant information with good pronunciation, usage of language according to audience , and maintenance of adequate voice volume for the audience. The fusion of audio and video data provides the best results for eye contact. Applications of the method to provision of feedback to teachers and trainees are discussed.
Highlights
Presentation skills are a competency that can be viewed as part of transversal skills, i.e., core skills, such as critical and creative thinking, problem-solving, interpersonal communication and collaboration skills that a person needs to develop to be successful in the twenty-first century society and workplaces (Bellanca and Brandt, 2010)
The active audio data representation provides the best results for Self-confidence and enthusiasm (SCE), Posture and body language (PBL), Structure and connection of ideas (SCI), and Presentation Delivery (PD)
The video data representation provides the best results for relevant information with good pronunciation (RIGP) (DHOF features), language according to audience (LAA) (DMBHx features), and AVV (DMBHy features)
Summary
Presentation skills are a competency that can be viewed as part of transversal skills, i.e., core skills, such as critical and creative thinking, problem-solving, interpersonal communication and collaboration skills that a person needs to develop to be successful in the twenty-first century society and workplaces (Bellanca and Brandt, 2010). In this framework, presentation skills are Automatic Scoring of Presentation Skills considered as part of one’s organizational and communication skills. A challenge in education and training has been to develop the ability to deliver skill assessments in a personalized, reliable, cost-effective, and scalable manner. This study moves toward a rich assessment system by taking into account multimodal behavior
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