An Action Analysis of ISIS Violence in Iraq and Syria, with an Emphasis on Social Learning Theory

Abstract

Social learning theory is one of the theories used to analyze situation- disposition roots of violence. Using social learning theory, the authors analyze the ISIS (or Daesh) actions in Iraq and Syria. To study the extremist groups such as ISIS, they attempt to find answers to the following research questions: How has the ISIS recruited from various countries? What factors have led to the violent actions of this group from the standpoint of social cognitive learning? What factors have influenced the nature and extent of ISIS violence? The research hypothesis is that the emergence of Islamic extremist idea as a historical imperative is rooted in social learning processes. The group has used a variety of ways, including personal interaction, activities in mosques, seminars and lectures to spread the Salafi beliefs. The emergence of the radical Muslim youth has begun decades ago, and the consequence has been mounting violent actions in Iraq and Syria. Using the descriptive-analytical method, and an extensive literature review to find the written materials on the historical events and actions committed by the ISIS, the hypothesis is tested. The authors present their analysis of the underlying factors influencing the violent actions committed by ISIS in the Middle East.