An Accurate and Fast Computational Algorithm for the Two-diode Model of PV Module Based on a Hybrid Method

Abstract

This paper proposes an improved hybrid method to compute the parameters of the two-diode model of photovoltaic (PV) module. Unlike previous methods, it attains the speed of the analytical approach by utilizing only datasheet information. Furthermore, its accuracy is not compromised as it does not require simplifications in its computation. Four parameters are determined analytically, while the remaining three are optimized by using an evolutionary algorithm, i.e., the differential evolution. The speed is improved because the parameters are optimized only once, i.e., at standard test condition, while the values at other conditions are computed analytically. Furthermore, a procedure to guide the initial conditions of the Newton–Raphson iteration is introduced. For validation, the algorithm is compared to other established computational methods for mono-, polycrystalline, and thin film modules. When evaluated against the experimental data, the mean absolute error is improved by one order of magnitude, while the speed is increased by approximately threefold. The standard deviation of the decision parameters over 100 independent runs is less than 0.1—which suggests that the optimization process is very consistent. Due to its speed and accuracy, the method is envisaged to be useful as a computational engine in PV simulator.