Amylose-lipid complex formation from extruded maize starch mixed with fatty acids

Abstract

Functional modifications of starch, such as paste properties, retrogradation, water absorption indexes, solubility, and swelling capacity, are induced by the amylose-lipid complex. This research comprehends the study of functional properties of extruded maize starch mixed with fatty acids (stearic acid, oleic acid, and maize oil) and the formation of amylose-lipid complexes. Maize starch with lipids (5 or 10 %), moisture (35 %) was extruded (single screw). Starch granule was modified by extrusion, to a lesser extent at 10 % of lipids, especially stearic acid, which covers starch granule surface. Viscosity decreased meaningfully with stearic acid addition. DSC showed both starch gelatinization enthalpy and amylose-lipid complex enthalpy for stearic or oleic acid, but it was just the first enthalpy for maize oil. X-ray diffraction showed orthorhombic crystals with or without the presence of lipids. Our results indicated that stearic acid yielded the highest amount of amylose-lipid complexes.