Abstract
An efficient plant propagation system through nodal explants was established in Ocimum gratissimum L, a medicinally important herbaceous perennial herb belonging to the family Lamiaceae. Axillary shoot bud proliferation was initiated from nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (BA) (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l), Kinetin (KN) (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l) and 2-isoPentenyladenine (2-iP) (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l). Maximum numbers of shoots (5.17 ± 0.04) with average length (2.50 ± 0.07) were induced on medium containing 1.0 mg/l BA. Shoot multiplication was maintained by repeated subculturing the original nodal explants on shoot multiplication medium after each harvest of newly formed shoots. Histological study shows that the organogenesis occurs directly, without callus formation on epidermal and sub epidermal layer of the explants. Rooting of shoots was achieved on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/1 Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 2% sucrose. Well-developed complete plantlets were transferred to plastic pots containing a mixture of (1:1) soil and vermiculite showed 82.5 % survival rate. Genetic fidelity was assessed by chromosome analysis and DNA fingerprinting using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of in vitro and in vivo plants. Nine arbitrary decamers displayed same banding profile showed no genomic alterations, indicating homogeneity among the tissue culture regenerates and genetic uniformity with that of donor plants. The present study provides high fidelity micro-propagated system for efficient and rapid micro-propagation protocol of this important medicinal plant and great use in conserving without risk of genetic instability.
Highlights
Medicinal and aromatic plants are an important source of medicines and play a significant role in world health care system
An efficient plant propagation system through nodal explants was established in Ocimum gratissimum L, a medicinally important herbaceous perennial herb belonging to the family Lamiaceae
Axillary shoot bud proliferation was initiated from nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of N6benzyladenine (BA) (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l), Kinetin (KN) (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l) and 2-isoPentenyladenine (2-iP) (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l)
Summary
Medicinal and aromatic plants are an important source of medicines and play a significant role in world health care system. Today medicinal plants are important to the global economy, as well as source of income for rural people in developing countries. About 70% - 80% of the people worldwide rely on herbal medicines derived from plants for their primary healthcare needs [1]. This awakening has led to a sudden rise in demand for herbal medicines. Herbal preparations are produced from field-grown plants and are susceptible to infestation by bacteria, fungi, and insects that can alter the medicinal content of the preparations [2]. Due to excessive human exploitation, non-regulated collection, unresolved inherent problems of seed viability and seed germination, this priority many species have become threatened or endangered [6,7]
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