&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Borassus aethiopum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Ripe Fruits’ Dried Pulp as Egg Yolk Coloration Agent

Tagouelbe Tiho,Zegoua Regis Ngatta,Gningnini Alain Kone,Kouame Bertin Kouadio

doi:10.11648/j.avs.20200806.13

Abstract

The essay assessed Borassus aethiopum (B.a) ripe fruits’ dried pulp effect on egg yolk coloration. First, thirty-six Harco laying hens, 42 weeks old with similar weight (α=0.05) were allotted in 12 cages of 4m2 (2m x 2m, respectively for length x width) each. Second, 4 laying hens’ diets were formulated; a yellow corn-based diet (YC), a white corn-based diet (WC), a white corn-based diet supplemented with 10% of B.a mature fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a), and finally a white corn-based diet supplemented with 20% of B.a ripe fruits’ dried pulp (WC+10%B.a). During the evaluations, similar eggs for weights were analyzed. As a result, rich pigment diets formed a group and produced the heaviest egg yolk compared to the WC diet, for 13.94+0.16 g versus 13.64+0.16 g. Whereas, WC diet delivered the heaviest albumin weights, 31.92+0.33 g versus 29.27+0.33 g for WC+10%B.a which had the lightest weight. Looking at eggs’ yolks color, Roche yolk color fan distinguished just 2 levels whose were the pale egg yolk from WC graded 1, and the intense colored yolks group graded 6. A spectrophotometer reflectance method helped for better yolks color distinctions. The yolks’ yellow colors from WC+10%B.a (b*=52.29), WC+20%B.a (b*=52.49) and YC (b*=52.22) were similar (p=0.7278). But, the WC+10%B.a diet egg yolk color was significantly higher than that of WC (b*=20.70; p<0.0001). In conclusion, Borassus aethiopum mature fruits’ dried pulp can be incorporated into laying hens feed as natural pigments’ source.

Highlights

Borassus flabellifer specie trees are widely spread in Asia and America, while Borassus aethiopum specie trees are alongside the equator in Africa
Since egg yolk color strongly depends on the laying hens diet pigment contents [7, 10], many pigments including synthetic and natural are used [9, 11]
The egg yolk color first evaluation was assessed with Roche yolk color fan (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

Borassus flabellifer specie trees are widely spread in Asia and America, while Borassus aethiopum specie trees are alongside the equator in Africa. The yellow fibrous pulp is very energetic because it exhibits more than 3,600 kcal/kg (DM) [3, 4] Important, this pulp is a functional food due to its high polyphenols’ contents for 447.87 mg GAE/g, whose induce 0.44 μmol TE/g antioxidant activity [5] and more than 76% of its fatty acids are unsaturated [4]. This pulp is a functional food due to its high polyphenols’ contents for 447.87 mg GAE/g, whose induce 0.44 μmol TE/g antioxidant activity [5] and more than 76% of its fatty acids are unsaturated [4] Because these dried pulps contain 15.5 to 35.4 mg/100g (DM) of total carotenoid [6], they are considerable pigment sources. The dried pulp would color the egg yolk’’ For this purpose, Borassus aethiopum ripe fruits’ dried pulp was incorporated into a white corn-based diets for laying hens. The induced effects on egg yolk weights and colors were assessed

Borassus Aethiopum Mature Fruits’ Dried Pulp Preparation

Cages and Laying Hens’ Diets

Egg Yolks Color Evaluation

Statistical Analyses

Egg Yolk Color Evaluation with Roche Yolk Color Fan