Abstract
Summary Since the inception of complex seismic trace analysis, seismic attributes have proven useful in reservoir characterization. Amplitude envelope (AE), also known as reflection strength, has been particularly successful in delineating faults and porous zones in hydrothermal dolomite (HTD) environments. Recent volume-based 3D seismic attributes and neural network studies show that the sites of highest porosity are found to be associated with very low AE values. The reason that low AE values are recorded in fault zones is poorly understood. In this paper, we construct a numerical model to investigate the occurrence of low AE values recorded in fault and porous zones. Our results show that fault zones, particularly zones bounded by parallel, vertical to subvertical faults have low AE values because common depth point (CDP) gathers from within, or in proximity to, the fault zones have a low stacking fold. Such a low fold occurs because of reflection phenomena at the fault boundaries.
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