Ampla caracterização do Glioblastoma e abordagens terapêuticas

Abstract

Gliomas are considered primary tumors of the central nervous system, representing only 2% of cancers. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common form and with poor prognosis of tumors of the central nervous system. The GBM is characterized by high proliferative rate and migration, besides the absence of apoptosis, which makes it highly aggressive. Currently treatment to glioblastoma depends on the location cell type and degree of malignancy. However, there is no effective treatment available for GBM, despite numerous advances in surgical techniques, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, this type of cancer, yet remains one of the biggest challenges for oncology. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has been widely used in the treatment of solid tumors and its therapeutic action is due to the absorption of light by a photosensitizer drug, resulting in a cascade of events photophysical, photochemical and photobiological, ultimately inducing apoptosis and / or necrosis of cells that were efficiently labeled by the photosensitizing drug. Thus, this review discusses the main features of glioblastoma and prospects for new treatments for this type of tumor, which use the PDT.