Abstract
Bio-amperometric flow-injection systems are proposed for the highly selective and sensitive determination of phosphate. One system studied is based on the use of a co-immobilized purine nucleoside phosphorylase-xanthine oxidase reactor, which responds to phosphate with high selectivity, and a detection limit of 3 × 10 −7 M for a 20-μl injection. Another system with a co-immobilized purine nucleoside phosphorylase-xanthine oxidase-alkaline phosphatase reactor gives responses amplified by substrate recycling during passage through the enzyme reactor. Phosphate can be determined with 12 times the sensitivity in the latter system compared with the former, but the latter system responds to nucleotides and pyrophosphate in addition to orthophosphate.
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