Abstract
BackgroundProduction of AmpC and extended spectrum beta-lactamases among urinary isolates has created a serious problem to the successful management of the urinary tract infection. The main purpose of this study was to determine the rates of the extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production and AmpC beta-lactamase (ABL) production among urinary isolates.ResultsAmong total 564 urinary isolates, 514 (91.1%) were gram negative bacilli and 50 (8.9%) were gram positive cocci. E. coli (76.1%) was the most common bacteria isolated. Staphylococcus aureus (6.7%) was the predominant gram positive bacteria isolated. 35 (6.8%) of the 514 gram negative bacilli were ESBL producers. Similarly, 14 (2.7%) of the gram negative bacilli were ABL producers. Only one isolate was ESBL and ABL co-producer. Highest rate of susceptibility of gram negative bacteria was seen toward amikacin (97.3%) followed by imipenem (94.4%). Similarly, highest rate of susceptibility among gram positive cocci was seen toward vancomycin (100%) followed by amikacin (93.5%).ConclusionsLow rates of AmpC and extended spectrum beta-lactamases production in comparison to other previous studies were reported. On the basis of the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the bacteria we reported in our study, amikacin, imipenem and nitrofurantoin can be used for the preliminary treatment of urinary tract infections caused by gram negative bacteria and vancomycin and amikacin for treatment of urinary tract infections caused by gram positive bacteria.
Highlights
Production of AmpC and extended spectrum beta-lactamases among urinary isolates has created a serious problem to the successful management of the urinary tract infection
Different studies in Nepal have reported the different rates of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamase (ABL) production among gram negative bacteria [1, 5]
Detection of ESBL and ABL production Detection of ESBL production was done by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs [8] and detection of ABL production was done by using cefoxitin and cefoxitin/boronic acid discs [9]
Summary
Production of AmpC and extended spectrum beta-lactamases among urinary isolates has created a serious problem to the successful management of the urinary tract infection. The development of drug resistance among the bacteria has created a serious problem to the successful treatment of the bacterial infections. AmpC β-lactamases producing organisms are resistant to narrow, broad-, and expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and cephamycins and can not be inhibited by clavulanate, sulbactam, and tazobactam [4]. They show non-beta-lactam coresistance and have a few treatment options [5]. In this study we determined the prevalence of the ESBL and ABL producing organisms in causing urinary tract infection
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
