Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen that is widely distributed and known to cause peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer. Treatment is usually by combination of acid inhibitory therapy and antibiotics because of drug resistance problems. Studies now focus on the use of medicinal plants for treatment of H. pylori induced ulcers because they are inexpensive and have limited side effects. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of cold water and ethanol extracts of Sida acuta leaves on H. pylori induced ulcer in mice. Oral administration with the aid of a feeding tube of 0.5 ml of 107 CFU/ml of H. pylori (Accession number LT799736) in phosphate buffer saline (pH 6.8) was used to induce ulcer in mice. Effects of various concentrations of cold water and ethanol extracts of S. acuta leaves on the ulcer parameters and histology examinations of stomach tissues of mice were investigated after 2 weeks of administration of extracts into the mice. Mice treated with clarithromycin served as positive control while mice administered with H. pylori but not treated served as negative control. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for data analysis and results were considered significant if p 6 CFU/ml to 3.5 × 106 CFU/ml and 2.6 × 106 CFU/ml for cold water and ethanol extracts respectively. Reduction in ulcer severity (2.00 ± 0.10 to 0.080 ± 0.05), ulcer index (8.50 ± 1.10 to 4.26 ± 0.03) and gastric volume (1.32 ± 0.12 to 0.54 ± 0.13) were observed. Histology of stomach tissues of mice treated with extracts revealed clear granulation indicating tissue repair and wound healing. S. acuta extracts were observed to enhance ulcer healing in a mice model.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important human pathogens, affecting more than half of the world’s population [1]
This study was undertaken to determine the effects of cold water and ethanol extracts of Sida acuta leaves on H. pylori induced ulcer in mice
While over 80% of infected individuals are asymptomatic [8], the infection can lead to peptic ulcer, gastritis, and gastric cancer [1] [9], it has been recognized as the principal agent leading to gastric cancer and as a class I carcinogen by WHO
Summary
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important human pathogens, affecting more than half of the world’s population [1]. The prevalence of H. pylori infection varies widely according to geographical area, patient age and socioeconomic status [2]. People in developing nations, residents of developed countries with low socioeconomic status and poor level of hygienic social environment have a higher prevalence of infection [3] [4]. Infection with H. pylori is usually acquired in early childhood and persists for life [7]. H. pylori uniquely colonizes the stomach where it induces inflammation and affects gastric physiology [9]. Motility has been shown to be essential for successful in vivo colonization by H. pylori and is provided by its sheathed flagella [10]
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