Abstract
IDH1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1) mutation might be encounter in the low-grade glioma occurs in early stages of development and directs the progression of the tumor to a higher grade. Aim of the study was to assess the frequency of IDH1 mutation in Iraqi patients with gliomas by immunohistochemical study, to correlate its immunoreactivity with some clinicopathological parameters. The study did on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumor tissue from 66 patients with different grades of intracranial gliomas of both gender and all age groups in the Baghdad city were collected in this retrospective and prospective randomized study. Ten normal brain tissue samples in form of paraffin blocks took from forensic medicine unit. New technique used, which is manual tissue microarray Immunohistochemical detection of IDH1 antibodies did by Dako autostainer link 48. Positive cytoplasmic IDH1 staining was found in 38 (57.6%) of cases of glioma. In adult gliomas, secondary glioblastoma multiforme, low grade astrocytoma and oligodendroglial tumors had the greatest values of IDH1 positivity (87%, 80% and 72.72% respectively) followed by anaplastic astrocytoma (42%), then primary glioblastoma multiforme (26%). Males and females expressed the IDH1 equally. The conclusions from the work were IDH1 mutation commonly existed in adult gliomas, low-grade gliomas and secondary glioblastoma, it had no role in pediatric gliomas, and it could be a diagnostic and prognostic marker.
Highlights
Gliomas considered the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults [1], [2]
IDH1 status and the pathological types of glioma: The secondary glioblastoma, Oligodendroglial tumors and diffuse astrocytoma represent the largest groups of IDH1 positivity, (87%, 80% and 72.72% respectively) followed by anaplastic astrocytoma (42%), primary glioblastoma (26%)
In line with many previous studies, that reported a higher frequency of IDH1 in low grade diffuse astrocytoma, oligodendroglial tumors, anaplastic astrocytoma and secondary glioblastoma in compare with primary glioblastoma and other pathological types [20], [29], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35]
Summary
Gliomas considered the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults [1], [2]. The major types of glial tumors are astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas [3]. The most common types are highly infiltrative or “diffuse gliomas,” including astrocytic, oligodendroglial, and mixed forms. Ependymomas tend to form solid masses [3]. WHO grade I gliomas, have an idle growth, often considered benign, and hardly ever, evolve into higher-grade lesions [7]. Gliomas of WHO grade II or III are aggressive tumors, usually invasive, diffuse, advance to higher grade (grade III or IV) lesions, and have a poor outcome [7], [8]
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