Abstract
Objective: The objective is to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and highlight the determinants of the infection as well as the gastric histopathological lesions associated with this infection. Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out from August 01, 2015 to December 31, 2020 in Bouaké. It included all patients with gastric and/or duodenal lesion on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in whom gastric biopsies and histopathology results are available. Results: The study involved 510 patients (301 men and 209 women). The prevalence of Hp was 66.47% (339/510 patients). The presence of Hp was not significantly related to age and gender. Epigastralgia was the most common indication with no significant difference between the positive and negative Hp groups (65.37% vs 34.63%, p = 0.35). A significant difference was only observed for duodenal ulcers (84.31% Hp+ vs 15.69% Hp-, p = 0.004). Regarding histological lesions: Chronic and active gastritis was strongly related to the presence of Hp (p Hp. These precursor lesions of gastric cancer (metaplasia and atrophy) were, however, significantly related to chronic gastric disease with p = 0.02 and p Conclusion: The prevalence of Hp is high in Bouaké. Our study confirms the link between Hp infection and chronic and active gastritis.
Highlights
Since its discovery in 1981 by Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) established itself as a bacterium of major importance in the genesis of pathologies in gastroenterology [1]
The objective is to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and highlight the determinants of the infection as well as the gastric histopathological lesions associated with this infection
The histological gastric lesions in accordance with Sydney’s categorization criteria and the presence or absence of Hp were collected from the histological report of the gastric biopsies
Summary
Since its discovery in 1981 by Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) established itself as a bacterium of major importance in the genesis of pathologies in gastroenterology [1]. Its global prevalence is in the order of 50%, predominant in Africa, Asia, Central and South America [1]. In developing countries, it affects about 80% of the population with transmission occurring very early in childhood [3]. Despite the improvement in living standards and the introduction of new Hp eradication protocols, the prevalence of this bacterium and its involvement in the genesis of gastric lesions remain a concern as well in Africa, in Asia and in the low-prevalence countries [5] [6]. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of Hp infection and to identify the determinants of infection as well as the gastroduodenal histopathological lesions associated with this infection
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