Amorphous Carbon Nanotubes-Nickel Oxide Nanoflower Hybrids: A Low Cost Energy Storage Material.

Abstract

Amorphous carbon nanotubes (a-CNTs) have been synthesized by a simple low-temperature process and have been grafted with chemically synthesized nickel oxide microflowers with different concentrations. The phase and morphology of the as-prepared pure and hybrid samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Thermal properties of the samples were estimated by using thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The optical properties of the sample were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopic, Raman spectroscopic, and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopic analysis. The electrochemical performance of all hybrid samples has been done in detail for different scan rates as well as from charge–discharge analysis. It has been seen that because of the nickel oxide grafting, the electrochemical performance of pure a-CNTs gets enhanced significantly. The value of the specific capacitance of the hybrid comes out to be around 120 F/g for the best sample, which is almost 12 times higher compared to that of the pure a-CNTs. The result has been explained in terms of change in effective surface area as well as change in conductivity of the hybrid samples.