Abstract
Despite the market saturation with a wide range of calcium preparations in dietary supplements as well as in pharmaceuticals, calcium product safety and efficacy remain an item for further optimization. Bones and teeth mainly consist of calcium phosphate, but tablets and capsules are predominantly produced from calcium carbonate. On the other hand, in human food Ca2+ is bound with a lot of anions—carbonates, sulphates, chlorides, phosphates, citrates, oxalates etc. It seems that traditional calcium formulations due its low bioavailability cannot provide all spectra of biological calcium-dependant effects and dietary calcium might be safer and more effective than traditional calcium supplements and medicines. To increase calcium salt efficacy a new formulation of calcium salts has been developed. It is a mixture (water suspension) of amorphous calcium carbonate, citrate, hydrocarbonate, as well as magnesium hydrocarbonate and hydrocitrate as stabilizers. The capacity of a cockerel’s duodenal mucosa to absorb Ca2+ after peroral ingestion of the mentioned composition in vivo was as much as 126% higher in comparison with CaCO3 suspension intake. Vitamin D3 enhanced the amorphous antirachitic activity of calcium salts. The aim of the study was to compare original amorphous calcium salt composition bioavailability with Ca salts most often in food and medicines, as well as to evaluate the antirachitic activity of the mentioned composition in combination with vitamin D3 in chickens.
Highlights
Bones and teeth mainly consist of calcium phosphate, but tablets and capsules are predominantly produced from calcium carbonate
ACaSC specific activity was compared with Ca chloride, which is characterized by high Ca bioavailability, as well as with calcium carbonate – the most commonly used Ca salt in food and medicines but having low solubility and bioavailability
Induced Ca accumulation in the liver was found by all formulations, but it was the same in all groups
Summary
This mechanism regulates Ca intestinal absorption, supporting the constant cations blood concentration in any physiological periods. Despite the wide prevalence of calcium minerals in nature, there is a global problem of Ca deficiency for livestock and humans. Inadequate consumption of dairy products, excessive drinking water purification from minerals and growing popularity of ortho-phosphate containing light drinks are tending toward Ca deficiency [2]. Prolongation of human life, and the increase of the number of patients with earlier incurable gastroenterological and endocrinological diseases promote the prevalence of secondary Ca deficiency
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