Abstract
To allow breathing dynamics, the lung requires a substance able to overwhelm the surface tension of alveoli. This substance, called pulmonary surfactant, is synthetized as tightly packed multi-layered lipid assemblies that have optimal adsorption capabilities to the air-liquid interface. Pulmonary surfactant forms a surface-active monolayer lining the respiratory surface, connected to a membrane reservoir that nurtures the interface with new lipids when it is needed. The two hydrophobic pulmonary surfactant proteins, SP-B and SP-C, optimize the structure of surfactant complexes and enhance its surface-active properties.
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