Abstract
Tests show that V2O5/MgF2 monolayers at 400 °C are active and selective catalysts, ammoxidizing toluene to benzonitrile with yields of more than 90%. IR spectra of toluene and NH3 interacting at the surface show that, in the absence of NH3, toluene is adsorbed in form of benzoate species. But in the presence of ammonia the spectra reveal mainly benzonitrile. A hypothesis is advanced that, on interaction of ammonia with the catalyst, NH2− species substitute for oxide ions at its surface generating active sites for their nucleophilic insertion into the methyl group of toluene which has been activated by abstraction of hydrogen.
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