Ammonia-independent modifications of the background EEG signal and paradoxical enhancement of epileptic abnormalities in EEG after acute administration of valproate to epileptic patients

Abstract

The effects on the background quantitative EEG (power spectral analysis) and concentration of valproate in plasma were studied after single-dose (14.3–33.3 mg/kg) oral administration in 12 epileptic patients with generalized nonconvulsive or partial seizures. An increase of the amplitude of the background EEG (diffuse and preponderant on anterior scalp areas) and a decrease of the 12.5–32.0 Hz relative power (limited to the posterior electrode deviations) were observed; the increase in the EEG total power was paralleled by a definite increment in incidence of epileptic phenomena in the EEG. Both effects proved unrelated to shifts in vigilance or changes in the concentration of ammonia or serum glucose in plasma and confirm previous observations from superimposable study designs. These findings are qualitatively opposite to those observed during long-term treatment at comparable doses and are suggested to reflect a direct CNS action of acute administration of valproate.