Abstract
Native and regenerated cellulosic fabrics such as cotton, cupro, polynosic, viscose rayon taffeta and viscose rayon muslin were treated with ammonia-gas under various conditions. The dyeing and KES (Kawabata Evaluation System) mechanical properties were obtained. Although X-ray diffraction intensity profiles of the cotton showed almost no change by the treatment for 10 min, the peaks assigned to cellulose I decreased in intensity by the treatment for 60 min, and new peak intensity maxima assigned to cellulose IIII appeared at scattering angles of 2θ = 11.6° and 21.0°. On the other hand, the profiles of the regenerated cellulosic fabrics were not changed at all by the ammonia-gas treatment. Apparent dyeing rate of the cotton decreased regardless of the treating conditions, whereas the dyeing rate of the regenerated fabrics was unchanged by the treatment. KES shearing and bending properties (the moduli G and B; the hysteresis widths 2HG, 2HG5 and 2HB) in relation to the fabric hand decreased. Therefore, it is clear that the ammonia-gas treatment is effective to improve the soft hand of the cellulosic fabrics, especially for the regenerated cellulosic fabrics.
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