Abstract
Phenol-diaminodiphenylmethane-based benzoxazine (P-ddm)/phthalocyanine copolymer was prepared by using P-ddm resin as matrix and 3,10,17,24-tetra-aminoethoxy lead phthalocyanine (APbPc) as additive. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to investigate the curing behavior, curing kinetics, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, and impact strength of the prepared copolymers. The kinetic parameters for the P-ddm/APbPc blend curing processes were examined by utilizing the iso-conversional, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and Málek methods. The P-ddm/APbPc blends exhibit two typical curing processes, and DSC results confirmed that the blending of APbPc monomer can effectively reduce the curing temperature of P-ddm resin. The autocatalytic models also described the non-isothermal curing reaction rate well, and the appropriate kinetic parameters of the curing process were obtained. The DMA and impact strength experiments proved that the blending of APbPc monomer can significantly improve the toughness and stiffness of P-ddm resin, the highest enhancements were observed on 25 wt.% addition of APbPc, the recorded values for the storage modulus and impact strength were 1003 MPa and 3.60 kJ/m2 higher, respectively, while a decline of 24.6 °C was observed in the glass transition temperature values. TGA curves indicated that the cured copolymers also exhibit excellent thermal stabilities.
Highlights
Thermosetting resins, such as phenolic resins, epoxides, bismaleimides, cyanates, vinyl esters, and polyimides, are high-performance polymers with a wide range of applications in aerospace, structural, adhesives, electronics, and coatings fields
The Phenol-diaminodiphenylmethane-based benzoxazine (P-ddm) monomer (99.5%) was kindly donated by Jiangxi Huacui Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Jiangxi, China and 3,10,17,24-tetraaminoethoxy lead phthalocyanine (APbPc) was synthesized in the laboratory according to literature [44,45]
Based on the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) observation we proposed the networked structure for P-ddm/APbPc in Scheme 1, we conclude poly(P-ddm/APbPc) has formed a crosslinked structure that will possibly improve the mechanical and thermal properties as described
Summary
Thermosetting resins, such as phenolic resins, epoxides, bismaleimides, cyanates, vinyl esters, and polyimides, are high-performance polymers with a wide range of applications in aerospace, structural, adhesives, electronics, and coatings fields. Polybenzoxazine resins have gained immense attention in academia and industry, because they combine the thermal and mechanical strength of phenolic resins with much wider molecular design flexibility and overcome several disadvantages of traditional phenolic resins [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] These resins have a number of excellent properties such as high carbon yield, low water absorption, high mechanical strength, high glass transition temperature (Tg ), very low shrinkage, and no byproduct formation during the curing process. Pb and Pb-containing polymer matrix composites with light-weight shielding materials have been successfully used in medical settings for technician and patient protection in the field of X-ray, equipment containers, and applications of nuclear energy [41,42,43]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
