Abstract
BackgroundLow insecticidal protein expression at reproductive organs affect insect resistance in Bt transgenic cotton. In order to enhance flower insecticidal protein expression, the conventional cultivar Sikang1 (S1) and the hybrid cultivar Sikang3 (S3) were used as experimental materials; the applications of selected 5 types of amino acids and 21 types of amino acids were sprayed on the flowers in 2016 and 2017 cotton growing seasons.ResultsThe flower Bt protein contents increased significantly under the two amino acid treatments in both cultivars, the Bt protein concentration increased by 15.2 to 25.8% compared with the control. However, no significant differences were detected between the two treatments of amino acid application. Increased amino acid and soluble protein contents, enhanced GPT, GOT, protease,and peptidase activities were observed under the amino acid application at the flowering stage.ConclusionsThese results suggest that exterior application of the amino acids treatments could bolster the flower insecticidal protein expression.
Highlights
Bt transgenic cotton have been planted widely in China and other cotton production areas in the world (Clive 2012; Huang et al 2010)
Our previous studies observed that the Bt insecticidal efficacies of square and boll were associated with nitrogen metabolism, and the Bt toxin content was impacted by protein synthesis and degradation process (Zhang et al 2007; Chen et al 2017). These results suggested that nitrogen and amino acid can influence Bt toxin content in Bt cotton, and exterior application of nitrogen fertilizer proved that nitrogen could increase insecticidal efficacy of Bt cotton
Flower insecticidal protein concentration under the amino acids application treatments Similar trends were observed for flower Bt protein content under different amino acids application treatments in both years
Summary
Bt transgenic cotton have been planted widely in China and other cotton production areas in the world (Clive 2012; Huang et al 2010). The production of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton decreased environmental pollution, increased worker safety by reduced chemical use, and enhanced grower income (Gould 1988; Gasser and Fraley 1989; Huang et al 2010). The insect resistance expression was different in various organs and at different growth stages during a cotton growth season (Greenplate et al 2000; Glenn 2011). Low insecticidal protein expression at reproductive organs affect insect resistance in Bt transgenic cotton. In order to enhance flower insecticidal protein expression, the conventional cultivar Sikang (S1) and the hybrid cultivar Sikang (S3) were used as experimental materials; the applications of selected 5 types of amino acids and 21 types of amino acids were sprayed on the flowers in 2016 and 2017 cotton growing seasons
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