Abstract
Several nonessential amino acids improve preimplantation development of mouse embryos in vitro and increase the proportion of the embryos that implant after transfer to surrogate mothers. The beneficial effects of the amino acids are associated with accumulation of them by embryos via transport systems that select for the amino acids. Expression of most of the transport systems is developmentally regulated apparently at the level of synthesis and degradation of mRNAs encoding their transport proteins. Since genes encoding pertinent amino acid transport proteins have now been partially cloned, it will be possible to use transgenic experiments further to test the theory that regulation of amino acid transport is needed for normal pre- and peri-implantation development.
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