Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of the present research work was to explore the nutritional composition of different infant formulas and determine the safety status of these products. For this purpose, different infant formula brands were procured from the local market of Faisalabad, Pakistan. After the collection of these different brands, nutritional composition, i.e. fat, protein, ash, moisture and fiber was determined whilst the microbial analysis, such as Salmonella, Yeasts and Molds Count, and Total Bacteria Count, was carried out through their methods. In addition, the amino acid profile was assessed through paper chromatography. Furthermore, an appropriate statistical design was carried out to determine the level of significance. Mean values for amino acids, i.e. lysine, valine and cysteine varied from 3.06 g/100 g to 6.63 g/100 g, 4.90 g/100 g to 6.51 g/100 g, and 2.32 g/100 g to 3.04 g/100 g, respectively, in different brands of infant formula. Moreover, moisture content, crude proteins, crude fat, crude fiber, ash content, and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) varied from 1.6% to 3.83%, 10.55% to 14.67%, 9.82% to 26.63%, 1.00% to 4.13%, 1.87% to 4.20%, and 51.03% to 69.17%, respectively. It is evident from the microbiological analyses that Salmonella was not present in any brand of infant formula. Whereas yeast and mold counts were ≤2 cfu/g to ≤10 cfu/g in different brands. Moreover, total bacteria count was exhibited in the range of 1.5 × 103cfu/g to 6.3 × 103 cfu/g among different brands. Local infant formulas contained high amounts of heavy metals, i.e. 0.99 pp, of lead content followed by cadmium and aluminum as 0.28–0.98 ppm and 1.48–2.05 ppm, respectively. Conclusively, it is evident from whole research that local brands contained higher contents of heavy metal as compared to branded.
Highlights
Nutrition gains much attention for its vital role in maintaining physical health and curing several serious diseases
Statistical results regarding moisture content in infant formula brands of different companies have been depicted in given Table 1
Infant formula of different brands was found to be a rich source of nutrients and bioactive moieties
Summary
Nutrition gains much attention for its vital role in maintaining physical health and curing several serious diseases. A poor nutritional state can cause stress regarding health and the economy.[1] Pakistan has been reported to have one of the highest levels of prevalence of child malnutrition compared to other developing countries. According to the national survey, one-third of the children are suffering from malnutrition in Pakistan, with stunned growth of 30–40% and 14% children being underweight.[1,2]. Milk is considered as a fundamental food for infants to overcome the risk of malnutrition as it contains all macronutrients.[3] WHO declared that the first six months of life children should zee_ft@hotmail
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