Amino acid and biogenic amine composition of Busha cattle milk

K Berisha,Zs Mednyánszky,H Bytyçi,L Simon-Sarkadi,E Kiss

doi:10.1556/066.2020.00226

Abstract

AbstractTo our knowledge, there is a lack of information on the nutrient composition of Busha cattle milk with special regard to its amino acid and biogenic amine contents. The Busha cattle breed is known to be highly resistant to various diseases and well-adapted to the extensive breeding conditions of the Balkan Peninsula. Busha cow milk contains an average of 13.47% dry matter, 4.34% fat, 3.72 % protein, and 4.32% lactose. Significant differences were detected (P < 0.05) in the amino acid compositions of the milk of different Busha cattle strains of Kosovo. Glutamic acid, proline, leucine, aspartic acid, lysine, and valine represented 68% of the total amino acid content. Essential amino acids, branched-chain and sulphur-containing amino acids were found in substantial amounts in the milk samples. Among the biogenic amines, however, spermine (0.16 mg kg−1) and cadaverine (0.09 mg kg−1) were present in low concentrations. Due to these excellent qualities of the Busha cow milk, preservation of this cattle breed is of great importance. Developing sustainable and secured breeding and feeding programs for this endangered cattle breed of the Balkan Peninsula should also be a high priority.

Highlights

Busha cattle (Bos primigenius f. taurus) is a characteristic cattle breed of the Balkan Peninsula
The Busha cattle breed is known to be highly resistant to various diseases and well-adapted to the extensive breeding conditions of the Balkan Peninsula
Water is the major component of milk: usually it contains 81–89% of water depending on the type of animal (Kanwal et al, 2004)

Summary

Introduction

Busha cattle (Bos primigenius f. taurus) is a characteristic cattle breed of the Balkan Peninsula. Two strains of the Busha cattle breed are widespread in Kosovo: the Sharri Busha and the Dukagjini Busha They produce an average of 1,322 kg milk in the lactation period (Krasniqi et al, 2013). The Dukagjin Busha is larger and produces more milk, while the Sharri Busha is better adapted to the harsh environment Both strains are well-suited to extensive grazing and low-quality forage, have excellent maternal traits, and are characterised by easy calving. They survive well under minimum livestock management, in mountainous and hilly areas; they are highly resistant to diseases, internal and external parasites (Bytyqi et al, 2007)

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