Abstract
Lower aliphatic amines are derivatives of ammonia with one, two, or all three of the hydrogen atoms replaced by alkyl groups of five carbons or less. Amines are toxic, colorless gases or liquids, highly flammable or combustible, and have strong odors. Lower molecular weight amines are water‐soluble and are sold as aqueous solutions and in pure form. Amines react with water and acids to form alkyl ammonium compounds analogous to ammonia. The lower aliphatic amines are widely used as intermediates in the manufacture of medicinal, agricultural, textile, rubber, and plastic chemicals. Lower aliphatic amines can be prepared by a variety of methods using different types of raw materials. By far the largest commercial applications involve the reaction of alcohol with ammonia to form the corresponding amines. Because of the hazards and toxicity of alkylamines, protective clothing, and a suitable respirator should be used when handling alkylamines, and proper labeling of shipments is required.
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