Abstract
Abstract: Analyzing the words and phrases used in Edgar Allan Poe’s Lenore can portray the characteristics of the Dark Romanticism era of the United States of America, which consist of 1) imagination, 2) nature, 3) symbolism and myth, 4) intuition and subjectivity, and 5) individualism. Through a biographical and sociological approach, it was found that there were words in Lenore that support the Dark Romanticism characteristics. The dark, creepy, gloomy, and dreary, words that hint the feeling of Poe’s uneasiness while living a dark and difficult life in the 1800s in America were “no tear… weep now”, “grief and groan”, “Stygian River”, “golden brown”, “Hope”, “Peccavimus”, “Lenore” and “death”.Key words: Edgar Allan Poe, poem, romanticism era, dark romanticism, LenoreAbstrak: Menganalisis kata-kata yang digunakan oleh Edgar Allan Poe dalam puisinya Lenore dapat memperlihatkan karakteristik dari masa Dark Romanticism yang dialami oleh negara Amerika Serikat, yaitu adanya karakteristik: 1) imagination, 2) nature, 3) symbolism and myth, 4) intuition and subjectivity, dan 5) individualism. Melalui pendekatan biografi dan sosiologi maka ditemukan beberapa kosa kata dari puisi Lenore yang mendukung masa Dark Romanticism yang dipenuhi dengan lingkungan yang gelap, menyeramkan, dan menyedihkan itu. Beberapa kosa kata yang menandakan ketidaknyamanan Poe dalam melalui kehidupannya pada tahun 1800an di Amerika Serikat adalah kata “no tear… weep now”, “grief and groan”, “Stygian River”, “golden brown”, “Hope”, “Peccavimus”, “Lenore” and “death”.Kata kunci: Edgar Allan Poe, puisi, era romantisisme, dark romanticism, Lenore
Highlights
American Romanticism was influenced by the Romanticicism Movement that happened in England in the eighteenth century and continued onwards to the early nineteenth century (Habich, Robert D, & Nowatzki, 2010, pp. 4-5)
The romanticism era was the movement when literary works’ theme changed from classical and neoclassical conventions, when people were against the using of individualism and imagination and shifting to the romantic theme that gave the priority to individualism and imagination (Wellek, 1962)
We analyzed the words and phrases that give information about the Romanticism Era characteristics, which represent the characteristics of Dark Romanticism Era in the poem Lenore, which was made by Poe in 1843 (Parker, 2005, Lenore, pp. 193-194)
Summary
American Romanticism was influenced by the Romanticicism Movement that happened in England in the eighteenth century and continued onwards to the early nineteenth century (Habich, Robert D, & Nowatzki, 2010, pp. 4-5). Poe’s works are often inspired by his own life that is filled with the feelings of sorrow, despair, anger, and suffer from losing his loved ones His experience of losing people that he loved has opened the gate for Poe to be the father of works with the theme of death. Poe loves to write the death of a woman character as his favorite star It seems that he wants to share his own feelings when he sees two beloved women in his life, his mother and his wife, die in front of his own eyes. Lenore is the works related to this period that does represent the characteristics of Romanticism period but the words it uses in the poem tells the condition of Romanticism Era environment
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